Boring Essay Example

Exhausting Essay The three stories that are to be examined differentiate in a few distinct manners. The accounts of Bruce Evans, and Jean Crawley, vary from those of Grant McRae for a few diverse reasons.The accounts of Bruce and Jean had a perspective on home life during the war just as a perspective on a warrior who battled on the ground.Grant McRaes story was that of an aviation based armed forces officer who accomplished little work on the ground.Bruces story was one of grit as they walked across Europe trying to liberate it from the Nazis hold, while Grant recounted to an account of being secured away a POW camp.The last way that the tales were distinctive is that Jean and Bruce had stories that were loaded up with reality and areas, were as, Grant didnt show he just thought back, and it was recorded. At last each of the three veterans recount to various stories, this gives us that in spite of the fact that they battled in a similar war there were a wide range of perspectives to it. At the point when Bruces recounted to his story it was one of triumph.He started by informing the class concerning how he turned into a warrior and his preparation, at the end of the day the main part of his story came when he entered battle in Normandy.Bruce spun tails of heroics of taking out the German heavy weapons specialists and taking that piece of France for the partners. His story proceeded to the freedom of Holland from the Germans and the awesome invite that they got from the Dutch.His story finished up with his walk into Germany were he heard that the war was finished, and he came back to Holland disposed of his combat hardware, and was dealt with like a legend by the Dutch.Jeans story is another account of bravery.Jean told stories of how the ladies were sufficiently daring to enroll in to the furnished administrations. She discussed how these ladies were eager to hazard their lives so as to shield their country from air attacks done by the Germans, taking a chance with their own l ives by shinning lights on the planes, making them defenseless against bombing.Grant recounted to an altogether different story.

Women and Unions

The motivation behind why it speaks to the matter of pivotal significance for the associations to look for into sorting out the sloppy is that by doing it, associations increment the degree of their own haggling power †thus, guaranteeing their constant existence.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Women and Unions explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Even however that chaotic laborers may show up totally weak and unprivileged, the way that they are being spoken to in extraordinary numbers infers their capability to apply an incredible impact onto the very quintessence of financial elements in a specific culture. As indicated by Lee (2007): â€Å"As common laborers interests are composed and directed into political fields, residents are given increasingly practical arrangements of political alterâ ­natives, which drive warmed challenges between political powers looking for appointive power† (p. 592). These days, the legitimacy of a pr ior explanation shows up especially plainly obvious, in light of the fact that because of a continuous presentation of innovation into pretty much every circle of mechanical assembling and business, usually alluded to as ‘post-industrialization’, the delegates of a common laborers keep on developing logically underpowered, in social feeling of this word. Indeed, even as far back as in mid eighties, Gorz (1982) had the option to characterize the nuances of such an inclination with flawless clearness: â€Å"Workers no longer ‘produce’ society through the intercession of the relations of creation; rather the apparatus of social creation in general delivers ‘work’ and forces it in an irregular manner upon arbitrary, tradable individuals† (p. 71). The perusing of Reiter’s (1986) article, will affirm the full legitimacy of Gorz’s understanding. As per the creator, the reality Burger King’s business technique is by and larg e firmly connected with high turnover rate among laborers doesn't even marginally subvert the degree of company’s in general seriousness. On the opposite †it is in particular since King Burger can well bear the cost of supplanting representatives with new ones, because of high normalization of business related methodology (pretty much anybody can be prepared to flip burgers inside the matter of minutes) and because of the plenitude of an incompetent workforce (recently showed up foreigners from Third World nations), which gives this organization the solid serious edge: â€Å"Since the movement of the processing plant continues from the hardware and not from the specialist, working staff can constantly be replaced.Advertising Looking for article on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Frequent change in laborers won't upset the work procedure †a move in association applauded† (p. 312). Similarly a s it used to be the situation during the period of ‘classical capitalism’, today’s huge business organizations that highlight high automatization of assembling forms, purposely endeavor to ‘atomize’ representatives with the goal that they would not have the option to join together, while seeking after some regular expert motivation. What's more, a continuous procedure of Western economies turning out to be progressively innovation serious and administration situated (Globalization) helps corporate bosses rather significantly in their endeavors to disfranchise the very thought of workers’ solidarity. As it was brought up by Ebbinghaus and Jelle Visser (1999): â€Å"The progress from a mechanical to a help economy disintegrates the reason for association (p. 141). Given the way that in extremely not so distant future, the interest for low-gifted work would for all intents and purposes stop to exist, it will make target preconditions for a huge number of individuals to be left without even a proper wellspring of pay. However, when sorted out into associations, even low-gifted laborers will acknowledge themselves proficient to adequately restrict corporate avarice. All things considered, it doesn't speak to a lot of a test to break a solitary tree-limb. Be that as it may, a considerable lot of such branches, binded into a group, would demonstrate very difficult to break. One of the significant difficulties, experienced by ladies who look for unionizing, is the way that regularly; managers won't remember them as expert bosses, in full feeling of this word. This particularly seems, by all accounts, to be the situation in Third World nations, where there is an intense absence of enactments, intended to guarantee women’s social equality. In her article, Datta (2003) furnishes us with the case of how India’s legislative specialists brush aside the general thought that working ladies ought to be alluded to as Ã¢â‚¬Ë œworkers’ per se:Advertising We will compose a custom paper test on Women and Unions explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More â€Å"When†¦ 600 (female) piece of clothing laborers moved toward the Labor Commissioner of Gujarat to enlist the piece of clothing worker’s association, the Commissioner didn't remember them as laborers; they were essentially ladies, who stayed ‘home and sewed garments’† (p. 354). It's a given, obviously, that legislative specialists resort to method of reasoning driven thinking, while at the same time advocating their regularly unequivocally characterized reluctance to perceive that reality that ladies are as a rule similarly as important of workers as men seem to be. For instance, it is by and large ordinarily recommended that, over the span of their menstrual periods, ladies become absolutely silly and along these lines, unsuited for executing especially requesting proficient obligations. This, be that as it may, doesn't disguise the way that this sort of thinking, behind women’s work related dehumanization, determines out of men’s profound situated feeling of sexism. Truth be told, this can be all around alluded to as another significant hindrance, in transit of women’s association development. In her article, where she explains onto progressive change of Justice for Janitors (J4J) association from basically men-administered body into association where ladies are by and large pretty much similarly spoke to among its strategy producers, Cranford (2007) brings up to the way that ladies janitors never stopped encountering unobtrusive sexism, with respect to their male colleagues and at the same time J4J individuals. As per the creator, despite the fact that ladies assumed rather significant job, while taking an interest in J4J-supported conventions against an uncalled for treatment of janitors in L.A., they have been seldom allowed a chance to participate in pla nning union’s approaches: â€Å"There was no obvious avoidance of or direct separation toward ladies entering increasingly formal situations (in J4J) yet nor was there a deliberate exertion to bring (female) janitors into formal initiative positions and this nonattendance of administration improvement had gendered effects† (p. 367).Advertising Searching for article on history? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More In this manner, it comes as not a specific shock that, up to this point, J4J gave little consideration towards ensuring the interests of ladies janitors. Two other unionization-related significant difficulties, experienced by ladies, can be characterized as unions’ hesitance to perceive childrearing as gainful work and the absence of training, with respect to numerous casual female laborers. As it was brought up by Cranford in the article, from which we have just cited: â€Å"Men’s blue collar in the open domain of creation is esteemed and noticeably adds to the family’s propagation while women’s conceptive work of thinking about kids and housework is unpaid† (p. 363). This is the motivation behind why it is explicitly socially oppressed male laborers (particularly those briefly jobless), who advantage the most from social help programs. As indicated by Glass and Beth (1997): â€Å"US government assistance state has been formed around direct arrang ement of administrations to families with goes to make sure about employment† (p. 291). Therefore, low-talented female workers are being put is plainly disadvantageous situation, when contrasted with what it is being the situation with their male partners. Also, as it shows up from Datta’s article, it is specifically the way that numerous such female representatives in Third World nations come up short on even fundamental instruction, which contributes rather essentially towards their powerlessness to understand a straightforward truth that, by enjoying childrearing exercises, they substantiate themselves being very as beneficial citizenry as casual male specialists. All things considered, the mainstream view of utilized moms frequently infers that the way that they need to deal with youngsters sabotages their expert sufficiency. All things considered, when such ladies achieve essential proficiency, they become progressively mindful of what comprises their unavoidably e nsured rights and opportunities at work environment, which normally inclines them towards embracing a functioning position, while tending to their unionization-related nerves. There can be little uncertainty with regards to the way that the encounters of sorting out casual specialists in India, or foreigner janitors in the United States, laid out in Cranford and Datta’s articles, do give exercises concerning how associations can embrace new techniques that will increment women’s worker's organization investment. For instance, as it was appeared by Cranford, despite the fact that ladies frequently need formal capacity to effectively participate in unionizing, they all things considered groups a lot of a casual one. The purpose behind this is basic †dissimilar to what it is being the situation with most men, ladies will in general evaluate unionization-related difficulties as being firmly identified with what they see as ‘family issues’. Also, given the way that, with regards to guaranteeing family’s prosperity, it is ladies who wind up wearing jeans, in metaphorical feeling of this word, this furnishes them with a compelling apparatus for switch

Summer Decisions

Summer Decisions As promised, I finished my post about deciding what to do this summer. Disclaimer that I havent slept in 22 hours. Last summer, a life plan took shape: get a masters in Science Writing from MIT and a Ph.D. in astronomy from Somewhere, then barrel full steam ahead down the relatively unexplored intersection of science research and public outreach. Before the summer started, I had planned to become a neurologist. I knew a lot about medical school: about the application process, about what makes a competitive applicant, about what medical schools are looking for, the requirements, etc. I knew nothing about graduate school. As I began to realize that this was what I wanted to do, I discussed the process with my mentor, my fellow interns, and the other astronomers in the building. At the conference in January, I talked with a few MIT alums, as well as Random Astronomers I Stopped In The Hallway. Everyone said: your grades matter, but arent the most important part of your application. Letters of recommendation and research experience carry the most weight. Everyone said: study for the GRE. STUDY FOR THE GRE! Its a dumb test but your score really does matter. Ew. Everyone said: a publication is a golden ticket. Everyone said: you need to demonstrate that you are really serious about doing research. Gradually, the blurry outlines of A Competitive Applicant emerged in my head: I began to realize that an application to graduate school is a job application, and in that sense is fundamentally different from a college application. When I wrote essays for undergraduate programs, I described my vast array of interests: French, robotics, Shakespeare, history, neuroscience, physics. I argued that such a breadth of interests would make me a valuable addition to an undergraduate community and I guess MIT agreed. Some of my classmates, though, stood out for depth: they spent four years doing one or two activities, and took their respective organizations to levels I had only dreamed of while in High School. Theyd been on TV, in the news, might as well have been the worlds leading expert on whatever it was they were doing. A little insecurity wedged itself at the back of my head: that I had never actually Done Anything since I had dabbled in so MANY things. I spent freshman and sophomore year dabbling more, and the wedge drove itself a little deeper. Sophomore spring, a friend told me that his philosophy on life is that one should know a lot about one thing, and a little about everything else that comment made a strong impression on me. The wedge drove a crack: I was worried that I COULDNT achieve depth, that I purposefully busied myself with a million different activities. That being busy was an excuse for not finishing projects. Post-sophomore year, I spent the summer doing research at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory. Suddenly, here it was: One Thing I could throw myself into, that I actually WANTED to become an expert in. This caught me totally by surprise, since Ive always had a terrible phobia of specialization. But here I was: obsessing over a group of 35 pulsars in one globular cluster, 8.7 kiloparsecs away. At the end of the summer, my project wasnt really finished I presented a poster at a winter conference, but the results werent at a stage that they could be published. In the spring, I applied to another array of astronomy research programs, and found myself facing a decision: a) Return to the NRAO, to work with the same mentor and finish my project from last summer b) Do a different research project, with a different mentor, at any of the research institutions Id been accepted to I asked a lot of people for advice: professors, other NRAO astronomers, MIT alums at the conference, friends. Some people said: you should absolutely do something different. This is your time to explore, find out what within astronomy youre interested in. Its important to see how a different mentor thinks, and feel out the atmosphere of a different, non-NRAO institution. Some people said: you should absolutely go back to the NRAO and finish your project. ANYONE can show up at an internship for one summer, and have fun. Very few undergraduates demonstrate that they have the capacity for depth, and prolonged engagement with one project. Very few undergraduates see a project through to completion. You should finish the project, and get the paper out of it. Some people said: do both! Thats absolutely what high school, MIT freshman, or MIT sophomore Anna would have said, too. MIT junior Anna knew better, though: trying to somehow do both would mean either doing neither, or just doing a new program. If I tried to do both, my 2012 project would go unfinished. I knew I was too busy. I spent days agonizing about this decision. It felt like an identity crisis: the dabbler, the Anna who does everything, versus this potential future graduate student Anna who knows how to focus on a project and see it through. Some days, I was absolutely sure that I would pick (b), and some days I was absolutely sure that I would pick (a). I had a long phone conversation with my NRAO mentor, late one evening. I Skyped a few graduate student friends. I thought about finishing projects. This is something I always struggled with, as a dabbler. I have had so many ideas, and so few products. I realized that I was genuinely afraid of returning to the NRAO: if I went back, AND didnt finish my project, what would that mean about my ability to succeed in graduate school? I almost didnt want to know. Almost. The next day, I talked with Dumbledore. I presented the argument for each side, and he said yes, thats true to both of them. He continued by saying that it really didnt matter very much either would be a good decision, for its own reasons. I told him about my insecurity: about my historical lack of depth, about my persistent dabbling, about the resulting fear that its not that I dont have the time to finish projects that I actually CANT finish projects. As I was talking, it became perfectly clear in my head that I both wanted and needed to go back to the NRAO. I had something to prove, both to myself and to graduate programs: that I am capable of depth, of sticking with a project through to the end, of spending weeks at the almost done! stage, debugging code and grinding out a product. Of enjoying being an astronomer, even when the honeymoon stage of My First Research Experience is over. When I finished saying all that, it was pretty clear that I had already made my decision, and was just presenting it to Dumbledore for approval. Write that, he said, in your graduate school applications. They will read it and say wow! shes so mature! we have to take her! That was all the approval I needed I responded to the other programs declining their offers, then wrote an e-mail to my NRAO mentor telling him I was coming back. So, here I am. Back at the NRAO in Charlottesville! Ive been totally astonished at how many people recognize me, astronomers and IT staff alike it feels like I never left. Last summer, I had no clue what was going on I was the newcomer, the astronomy baby. Now, IM the one who knows whats going on. Its been a nice gauge of my progress. I launched into my project on Day 1. Turns out, as I think it often does in science research, that there are a million things to fix between my product from last summer, and publication. So, Ive been tinkering, fixing, deleting, arguing, improving methods. Ive realized that THIS stage is the real test of whether I want to go to graduate school and become an astronomer. This is the hard part. A lot could change over the next eight weeks. So far, though, the daily frustrations and anxieties have come with an enduring backdrop of contentment and basic thrill that this is MY project, which I have seen through from its beginning stages. Im starting to like this depth thing.

Careers in Lodging - 1166 Words

Assignment 1: Careers in Lodging and Food and Beverage Industries 1 Assignment 1: Careers in Lodging and Food and Beverage Industries Maria Ransom Strayer University Alexandria Campus Professor: Jennifer Gallagher HTM 100 - Principles of Hospitality and Tourism Management February 3, 2012 Assignment 1: Careers in Lodging and Food and Beverage Industries 2 Describe the various types of management careers that can be offered within each industry (lodging and food and beverage). The lodging and food and beverages offered various management careers. In lodging industry, you have the General Manager who oversea the entire operation of the hotel. The other management career is Front Office Manager. This person is†¦show more content†¦Especially for people who travel for business. Both industries faced many challenge as well. The report in both 2012 and 2013 hotel industry is expected to have a steady RevPAR (Revenue per available room). There is also an increase of 0.5 to 60.4 percent. It is mostly like that the hotel business forecast for the next ten years will be more like to grow. In the restaurant market, people consumed food every single day especially on the weekends. â€Å"Restaurant forecasting is used not only to calculate sales projections but also for predicting staffing levels and labor cost percentages† (Walker 2013). Restaurant consumers’ expectations these days are high. Most consumers check out the menu online before their visit. They are also seeking a better nutrition for themselves. We live in a society where there’s plenty of food to go around. Many restaurants now offer a variety of healthy food such as gluten free and low in carbohydrates. The guests are paying more attention on what they eat. My opinion is both hotels and restaurants are here to stay. I do have so me friends who worked at some hotels in Washington, D.C. In winter time, the demand for hotels in the area is very slow. So, what the company does is they will lay them off for two months or so then have them return when return when it picks up again. So, what my friends does is they file for unemployment for those months when they are laid off. Assignment 1: Careers in Lodging and Food andShow MoreRelatedCareers At Lodging And Food And Beverage 21152 Words   |  5 PagesCAREERS IN LODGING AND FOOD AND BEVERAGE 2 Lodging, food and beverage is becoming popular in the world today. A lot of people are going to college in order to be in this type of work. They learn how each field work and also how challenging the field has become over the years. It is fascinating how much these fields are so vast but yet similar. Many people that want to get into thisRead MoreCareers in Lodging and Food and Beverage Industry Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesCareers in Lodging and Food and Beverage Industries Andre L. Conyers Professor Darrin Stern HTM 100 There are numerous opportunities for management careers within the lodging and food and beverages industry such as, the Front Office Manager, Hotel Manager, Food and Beverage Manager, and the General Manager. The Front Office Manager is responsible for overseeing all front office operations to insure profitability, control costs and quality standards ensuring total guest satisfaction. This positionRead MoreHtm100 - Assignment 1 - Careers in Lodging and Food and Beverage Industries1419 Words   |  6 PagesCareers in Lodging and Food and Beverage Industries Name School HTM 100 Professor Name February 3, 2013 Careers in Lodging and Food and Beverage Industries The hospitality industry is a very lucrative and rewarding career choice. Choosing a career in this field is not for the faint at heart. A career in this industry requires an individual that is ambitious, self-motivated, and has a charismatic personality. However, the hard work comes with many personal and financial rewards. HospitalityRead MoreThe Industries Of The Hospitality Industry1583 Words   |  7 Pagesmanagers, Lodging managers, and Chefs and Head Cooks. The vibrant and rapidly growing industry has highly demanded positions across the world. The various tasks and responsibilities of each career field are detailed. Information regarding the salary and projected growth rates of these individual careers is listed. I discuss why a certain career worked for me and the how it will benefit me in my lifelong learning experience. After reading, this may influence you to possibly consider a career in hospitalityRead MoreTypes Of Management And Careers1228 Words   |  5 P agesDescribe the various types of management and careers that can be offered within each industry (lodging, and food and beverage). The Hospitality Industry is a very broad. There are numerous Departments and job opportunities within the industry, and each of those Departments needs talented Manager for the accomplishment of the Job. Lodging, such as resorts, motels, hotels, cruises, is one of the largest employers in the hospitality industry. There are many employment opportunities, and differentRead MoreMy Experience At The Hospitality Industry1083 Words   |  5 Pagesindustry is most definitely the largest industry in the world and is still growing! There are various different positions within the industry that individuals can pursue, whether it is in lodging, travel, recreation, assembly and event management, or restaurants and managed services. My personal interest is in lodging because that entails hotels, motels, and resorts. My ideal position is to become a resort activities director, at Universal’s Cabana Bay Beach Resort, to be specific. Now there are manyRead MoreLodging1094 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States. d. A weak U.S. dollar in the international market decreases the number of international tourists traveling to the United States. 8. A regional study of the economic impact of tourism found that for every tourist dollar spent in lodging properties, three tourist dollars were spent elsewhere in the region. This is an example of: a. globalization. b. the ripple effect. c. infrastructure investment. d. superstructure investment. 9. Which of the following is likely to have theRead MoreHospitality Industry Leader1518 Words   |  7 Pagesgrievances. 6. Would you ever leave the hotel Industry and move on to another career? Sometimes people think they want to switch careers, but they just hate their current situation. In other words, people do have some stressful days but you try to bounce back. By having positive crew will in fact make your day enjoyable. With that said, I do enjoy my job and I really don’t see me leaving the hotel industry for another career. 7. Describe the evolution of the hotel industry over the past 5Read MoreCause and Effect Essay1169 Words   |  5 Pagesa college education is an essential part of my career goals and life. I am attending college to gain more knowledge, have the necessary credentials to be competitive in my career, and to make my family proud. One day I want to own and operate my own hotel company with my sister, who is currently attending Norfolk State University studying Tourism Hospitality Management as well. We plan to start our business together and become one of the top lodging companies in the world. As a child, my parentsRead MoreWhy The Companys Leadership Is Different From Other Hospitality Businesses1072 Words   |  5 Pages I’ll say that’s a great standard of measure. I think personality or characteristics are not easy to change, they are inborn. Third, four-seasons provide confortable space for employees to live. They think people you hope will make a successful career in your company. Instead of a dormitory, why not upgrade their accommodations? Give them a pleasant experience of the company and a good night’s sleep, so they wake up fresh in the morning, eager to learn. We can design it and run it in a way that

Internet and MediaTechnologies Annotated Bibliography

Essays on Internet and MediaTechnologies Annotated Bibliography The paper "Internet and Media Technologies" is an amazing example of an annotated bibliography on technology.Category: StartupsTitle: Andreessen Horowitz drops $15M on Web-annotation startupBy: Daniel TerdimanPublished: October 3, 2012Summary - The article discussed the investment of $15 million in RapGenius, which is a startup that does Web text annotations. The idea behind this startup is the explanation of rap lyrics, but the broader view is to generalize also annotations to other areas.This important investment was made by Andreessen Horowitz, who admits that although he does not have open interest in rap lyrics, he was always interested in web text annotations. So, the investment in this startup gives him the opportunity to fulfill the goal of his career.Reflection -  Nowadays, there are many startups focused on Internet services because we live in an era of technology. So, I think that such ideas should be encouraged, and invested in order for the business domain to growth mo re.Category: Internet MediaTitle: Google TV makes its way to KoreaBy: Dara KerrPublished: October 15, 2012Summary -  The article addressed the topic of Google TV expansion in Korea. In this way, Korea becomes the tenth country worldwide to give its residents the Google's home entertainment platform.This expansion is proof of Google’s strategy to enlarge its media offerings for the last period. For instance, Google TV was connected to the Google Play Store.  Reflection - I consider this expansion a well-developed strategy of Google, mostly because Korea could be classified as an emerging market for technology. Also, it could be an advantage for Google by taking steps in front of its main competitors.Student Name: - Course number and sectionCategory: Politics LawTitle: Inmate sues over the 'right' to read Facebook from prisonBy: Declan McCullaghPublished: October 15, 2012Summary - The article reviewed the suit of a Pennsylvania prison inmate for a First Amendment right to Facebook. This discussion appeared after the denial of access to printouts of Facebook pages sent through the U.S. mail for the prison inmate.The complaint of this prison inmate was rejected by the court because it was considered that some inmate’s mail can be restricted for â€Å"legitimate penological interests†. Also, it was considered an isolated event.Reflection - I think that the court took the right decision because prisoners lose some of their rights when they do crimes so it is a punishment for their acts. Also, because these days many violent actions are happening due to the Internet, a restriction for access to such social networking for prisoners is appropriate.Student Name: - Course number and sectionCategory: Security PrivacyTitle: FBI warns users of malicious mobile malwareBy: Dara KerrPublished: October 15, 2012Summary - The article addressed the warning of the government’s agency FBI towards malicious mobile malware. The supposed malware is re lated to Android operating systems for mobile devices and includes Loozfon and FinFisher.  This event is not singular, because statistics show an increase in security reports of mobile malware. A measure against this threat was taken by Google, which included new security features for Android mobile OS.Reflection - The security and privacy of personal data have been challenging in recent years because of the development of technology. I am concerned about this phenomenon, and I think that maybe mobile makers should consider more to improve security issues, than other design features.Student Name: - Course number and sectionCategory: Cutting EdgeTitle: Stair-climbing wheelchair turns wheels into legsBy: Leslie KatzPublished: October 15, 2012Summary -  The article discussed the Japanese invention of a sensor-packed wheelchair with special features. This wheelchair can roll out and climb over obstacles and as well can turn a circle in tight spaces. Moreover, it can evaluate a stair 's size, an important improvement towards other wheelchairs.  The ability of the wheelchair to perform these operations is managed through user commands by using a joystick. However, the rest of the job is done by the machine. The joystick permits the users to change easily direction, most importantly in narrow spaces.Reflection - In my opinion, this invention is an important step forward. Maybe for people without disabilities may not seem such an incredible design, but for people with disabilities, it probably makes the difference.

Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator Free Essays

string(96) " input is supplied into the 8bit counter which evaluate the input with an analog, \(Q5 to Q0\)\." ABSTRACT Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator, have come to be more popular and most used testing device for the engineers especially and also for the medical sector. Signal generator delivers an accurate calibrated range. It provides a signal that can be adjusted according to the frequency, output voltage, impendence, waveform and modulation. We will write a custom essay sample on Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator or any similar topic only for you Order Now It has been in existence and they are used in so many ways before time till present. An American inventor Nikola Tesla has conveyed electricity from one location to another in the form of signal and uses the same frequency. This report talks about the overview of a signal generator, how they do function using their applications and also describe to us their operating principles using the direct digital synthesis DDS, their types and designs. The Next page gives you a brief introduction about the early days of signal generator and how they are been used in those days. INTRODUCTION Before the Initiation of this device called signal generator which is around 1906 to 1920 are regarded to be the early days of radio, the only way for testing of new apparatus or electronic instrument was to use another similar device to create the signal, which was the case of new tools and modulation format in radio. During that time, this basic method of testing worked excellently with minimum percentage errors, but problem arises when there is a circumstance whereby they might be diverse devices under test. To solve this problem, there must be need for so many reference devices. One radio’s was picked which was used as a performance parameter and was measured which was now used as the standard or â€Å"golden radio† as it has been called. Even if they are expensive, a regular change in their functioning features either during a short time as a result of warming up or during a long time as an effect of continued use, and for this reason their will be reduction in their accuracy. The need for signal generator that can effectively used to test devices as the field of engineers must be to reduce this flow. However, we are going to explain the device â€Å"signal generator† in this report and also we will discuss about the operating principles, and also the things I have already mention in the abstract area. In this next page, we will be looking at the overview of this device signal generator.  ­SIGNAL GENERATOR (Outline and types) A signal generator also called a function generator or a text signal generator is an electronic device designed to perform a variety of operations which includes band pass filter characteristics, the response of amplifiers to frequency or fault tracing in many electronic equipment and circuits. â€Å"Signal generator is a tool widely used in fields such as industrial electronic instrumentation, medicine, production, communication and research†, (Alloca and Stuart, 1983). A signal generator is the stimulus source that pairs with an acquisition instrument to create the two elements of a complete measurement solution. In its various configurations, signal generator can provide stimulus signals in the form of analog waveforms, digital data patterns, modulation, noise and it may add known, repeatable amount and types of error (distortion) to the signal it delivers. Signal generator can produce the most types of waveforms or signal which are square waves, sine waves and triangular waves over a wide range of frequency. Coombs, (1972) declares that the frequency range of a signal generator maybe less than 1Hzto at least 1MHz. Some other type of signal generators, have the ability to produce pulse, trapezoid and ramp waveforms including the ones mention above. Therefore, there are many types of signal generator designed to a variety of uses which has much possible application meaning that one particular type of signal generator may not be suitable for all pur poses. Here are the two main type of signal generator Arbitrary waveform generator Function signal generator Below is a picture example of a typical function generator: ARBITRARY WAVEFORM GENERATOR Arbitrary waveform generators (AWG) are complicated playback system that delivers waveforms based on stored digital data that describes the regularly changing voltage levels of an AC signal. The arbitrary waveform generator can produce any kind of waveform you can think of. You can use many methods to create the needed output (from mathematical formulae to drawing the waveform). FUNCTION SIGNAL GENERATOR Function generators are more simple compare to arbitrary waveform generator. They generate simple signal in wave form and this signals are been produce by a circuit which creates the repeating wave which is usually a sine wave. They are most often use in process of designing or repair simples electronics. DESIGN OF SIGNAL GENERATORS Before the modern waveform generators were initiated, analog was the mode of operation. In some industries, analog refers both to the circuit technique used to generate signals and to the signal themselves. Functionality, economic feasible, and types of waveform needed have really change the design of signal generator in period of times, although the traditional analog signal generators still exist till date. The analog is a means to represent a material measure, for instance an indicator on a current meter (regulator), by a quantity whose measurement is known. Such measurements, do not really give the accurate result of a particular tool or device under test, as they are prone to having drifts in their working parts. Most modern signal generators are based on the digital technologies such as the modern function generators which uses a technology known as Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) which are able to provide a wide range of signal or waveform. The DDS device are more like to generate analog signals via creating a digital output signal that is continuously pulsed by a clock signal and at last translating the digital signal to form an analog signal. Below is the experimental diagram of this process. The Method above, illustrate that the input is supplied into the 8bit counter which evaluate the input with an analog, (Q5 to Q0). You read "Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator" in category "Essay examples" The matching analog now is been verified with an already stored address which is the ROM (Read Only Memory) 256 x 8. As the counter cycles through the 256 different addresses, which the ROM has for each analog, the ROM counter now picks out a digital value corresponding to that address which sequentially represents the input. This information is then processed and outputs the 256 data points to the DAC (Digital to Analog Converter) which is the 8bit converter. The analog signal obtain is then shown as a waveform. An example of a generator that uses this method illustrated above is the 20MHz sweep function generator from BK Precision (model 4040DDS) image is shown below. According to BK Precision (2010), this sweep generator is a full featured DDS generator, the unit generate superb quality waveforms with a high signal precision and stability and it provides sine and square wave outputs over the frequency range from 0.1Hz to 20 MHz in one extended range. Most of the DDS generator today are dedicated instrument, simple and comfortable, and are at low cost from a few tens of dollars to tens of thousand of dollars. In the next section, we are going to look at how this device operates. OPERATING PRINCIPLES OF SIGNAL GENERATOR In this 21st century, most of the modern function generators use Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) technology to generate output wave forms. BK Precision sweep function generator (model 4040DDS) happens to be among one of this generators. This section describes how DDS technology works. There are two fundamental ideas of DDS technology which includes: Producing an arbitrary waveform that can be in various waveforms or not assigned a particular value from a periodic ramp signals. Producing a digital ramp. First, consider producing wave function that can be in various waveforms or not assigned a particular value from a periodic ramp signal. To make this explanation more simple and understandable, imagine the ramp period (t) is greater than or equal to 0s (t ? 0), then lets call the recurring ramp function R(t) as shown in the diagram below. This ramp function R(t) as shown in figure 1 differs linearly or oscillate between 0 and 1 with period T. Now, suppose their is a new function F(t) that is defined on the interval 0? t ?1, in mathematical terminology, the domain of the function which is the values assigned to the independent variables of F(t) is the half-closed interval. Imagine to construct another wave function of period T which is similar to R(t) with the shape of F(t) and assuming again that the period is 4s using the diagram shown in figure 4, we will notice that as the time increases from t0 to t4, which is equal to one period, there is a sequence which implies that their will be a gradual rise in the function until t4, therefore calculating the corresponding value of each time and removing the integer part of it. For instance, tn= – . The calculation for t0 to t8 is shown in the table below using the figure 4 diagram. The illustration shows that there is a rise in the time value, in the sense that when one period is reach, it will start over again until another period is reached. This is how it works continuously for the defined time interval. This means that it resets after each successive cycle. On the other hand, the resetting of the time interval is carried out by a phase accumulator which is the first time interval that is the t1 = frequency. In the above example, the waveform that was created has a frequency of 0.25Hz and a phase angle of 90 that means the frequency is x360 As BK precision (2010) guild book instruct that to produce a digital ramp, as an alternative of increasing the time intervals by 1s, let the increment be in terms of ?, the phase angle, by the digital clock and for an N-bit counter, it will count from 0 to 2N – 1, then reset to 0 again. For example, let the value of be N = 4, which will be (24), therefore the counter result is 16 bits. When a signal is received, it will only match up to one of the bits frequencies and the waveform of that frequency will be generated. Lastly, the generated waveform might be displayed as a square or triangular signal using the control buttons on the device. This is made possible by including an operating amplifier (op-amp) in the circuit. Assume the received input signal was a sine wave, it can be converted to a square waveform; an op-amp acts as a comparator that gives and output signal of â€Å"1† only when the amplitude of the sine wave is greater than 0 and a â€Å"-1† when the amplitude is less than 0. According to Floyd (2009), this change was essential because digital data processing and transmission can be more effective and dependable than analog data and it’s of advantage when data storage is needed. FUNCTIONS AND APPLICATIONS Signal generators have hundreds of different applications and function that are suited for variety of use in many fields but in electronics measurement context, they fall into three basic types: Verifications Characterization Stress and margin testing VERIFICATION In the world of electronic and technologies, wireless equipment designers that are building new transmitter and receiver hardware must stimulate baseband I and Q signals (with or without impairments), to verify some wireless standards, a high performance arbitrary waveform generators can provide the needed low-distortion, high-resolution signals at rates up to 1GB/secs. CHARACTERIZATION This is a state whereby the newly developed digital to Analog converter (DAC) and the Analog to digital converters (ADC) must be systematically tested to determine their limits of undeviating, distortion and so on. STRESS AND MARGING TESTING Advanced signal generators, save the engineers hours of calculation by providing efficient built- in jitter editing and generation tools because engineers that works with the serial data stream architectures; commonly used in digital communications buses and disk drive amplifiers, need to stress their devices with impairment especially jitter and timing violations so engineers must characterize their emerging designs to ensure that the new hardware meets design specifications across the full range of operation and more. However, using this device, much difficulty in electronics and also field like the medicine can now be resolute easily. To design an assorted signal and a high speed low filter data, an arbitrary waveform generator can be used. They are specifically design for it. Radio frequency signals are used to achieve tests on radio transmitters and receivers. (Theraja and Thereja, 1959) Signal generators that are connected to oscilloscopes can be use in testing faults in electronic equipment and devices. In telecommunications today phones functions using signals, for example: the process, transmit and receive data. Devices for example: digital X-ray appliances, brain mapping system and advanced cardiology uses signal in most medical field today. CONCLUSION The modern DDS generators have some advantages and disadvantages of it depict that they help in solving solutions in various fields. Describing about the advantages of DDS, you discover that their frequency is tuneable with sub-Hertz resolution; their phase angle is digitally adjustable, as long as the clock is stable, they don’t go with the flow due to temperature changes or aging of components, addition of arbitrary waveform generator is not theoretically difficult and lastly they have simple design and low parts count which help to keep cost down. However, describing the disadvantages of this machine has to do with the negative aspect which is their output frequency is ? ? the clock frequency, their amplitude is also fixed that is; they need external circuitry to change, sine wave is sampled and not spectrally pure; distortion is present at that moment. But this disadvantages, does not cost more harm the technology is still the best and with more careful design in future, these advantages can me minimized. REFERENCES Floyd, L. (1977) Digital Fundamentals. 10th Edn. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education Ifeachor, E. and Jervis, B. (2002) Digital Signal Processing. A Practical Approach. 2nd Edn. Harlow, England: Pearson Education Hill, A. (2010) What is signal generatorAvailable at: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-signal-generator.htm (Accessed 15 March 2011.) Nashedky, B. (1996) Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory. 6th Edn. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. Peterson, D. and BK Precision (2010) Function Generator and Arbitrary Waveform Generators Guidebook. Available at: http://www.bkprecision.com/support/downloads/guides/Function_and_Arbitrary_Waveform_Generator_Guidebook/BK-Function-Generator-and-AWG-Guidebook.pdf. (Accessed: 25 March 2011) Alloca, J. and Stuart, A. (1983) Electronic Instrumentation. Reston, Virginia: Prentice-Hall. Crecratf, D. et al (1990) Analogue and Digital Electronics. Great Britain: The Open University Referencec.com (2010) Signal generators. Available at: http://www.reference.com/browse/signal+generator (Accessed: 14 April 2011) Theraja, B. And Theraja, A. (1959) A Textbook of Electrical Technology. 23rd Edn. Reprint 2003. Ram Nagar, New Delhi: S. Chand Company Ltd. Coombs, C. (1972) Handbook of Basic Instrumentation. New York: Mc Graw-Hill Yourdictionary.com (2010) Nikola Tesla Biography. Available at: http://biography.yourdictionary.com/nikola-tesla (Accessed 18 April 2011) Tektronics (2008) Signal generator fundamentals Guidebook. Available at: http://circuitslab.case.edu/manuals/Signal_Generator_Fundamentals-_Tektronix.pdf (Accessed 20 April 2011) ZTech Instruments (2010) Waveform Generator Fundamentals. Available at: http://www.ztecinstruments.com//applications/waveform-generator-fundamentals.php (Accessed: 6 April 2011) How to cite Signal generators also know as function generator or test oscillator, Essay examples

What would you want your roommate to know about you free essay sample

The first thing I would want my roommate to know about me is that I am terrified. The idea of leaving everything and everyone I have ever known is one that my head has not yet wrapped itself around. I have kept myself awake night after night, wide eyed, a stream of what-ifs marching around my mind. I have had moments where I wished time hadnt gone by so fast, and I could still be a dimple-faced elementary schooler, whose future is as distant as the unknown places on the other side of the globe. But along with this fear, is pure excitement. This scary idea of leaving home is also thrilling, I am anxious to learn and grow and be a part of the real world. I watched as my incredible sister left for college 3 years ago, and the idea of me leaving was so far off, but now it is the shocking reality that I must embrace. We will write a custom essay sample on What would you want your roommate to know about you? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I will take on whatever is thrown at me, and I will enter each experience with open arms, even if those arms are trembling. Next, I want my roommate to know that I am a very open minded, loving individual. I love meeting new people and making new friends, so I do my best to be nice and inclusive towards every person I come across. I am upbeat and outgoing for the most part, though I do feel shy and self conscious at times, as I imagine everyone does. I think that being positive and working hard is all that one can do in hopes of progressing. I know, through experience, that maintaining a positive attitude can seem insurmountable at times, but I also know that these times pass, and we must pick up our broken pieces and stay strong. My roommate should also know that the only thing I am intolerant of is intolerance. This said, I respect the views and opinions of others, as I know we are all from different backgrounds, and have different beliefs. There isnt that much else that I would want my roommate to know about me, without meeting her first. This is because everything I know about myself comes from experiences I have had in one place, with a set of people from that same place. There is so much I have yet to learn about who I am, and these discoveries will come from being in a completely new place, with new people, and the opportunity to make my own decisions. I dont want to be defined by who I was in High School, not to say I am unhappy with that person, I simply feel that there is so much more out there for me to uncover.